Scientific Leads:
Blandino Giovanni, Pulito Claudio, Sacconi Andrea, Tanzilli Antonio, Cappelli Sonia

Description

Cancer prevention and the quality of life of patients with cancer are the two cornerstones of this first research line. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms contributing to tumour development would enable a more informed assessment of individual susceptibility profiles. Through comprehensive genetic and molecular characterisation, it would be possible to establish a detailed molecular classification of cancer predisposition (primary prevention). Accordingly, studies aimed at identifying circulating early biomarkers associated with an increased susceptibility to cancer development will be included. Research will also focus on the identification of novel biomarkers, the introduction of new experimental models and innovative imaging techniques for early disease detection and prognostic assessment (secondary prevention). Detecting cancer as early as possible, having appropriate tools to assess treatment response, and identifying patients at high risk of disease recurrence during follow-up are all essential components of cancer care. For these reasons, priority will be given to research lines aimed at identifying tissue and/or circulating biomarkers, developing innovative experimental models, and implementing advanced imaging technologies for the early detection of disease, recurrence and metastasis. In parallel, the development of new approaches to improve the quality of life of patients with cancer will be promoted. On the one hand, research will focus on the molecular characterisation of the debilitating effects induced by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, with the aim of developing new tools to mitigate treatment-related adverse effects. On the other hand, activities designed to improve patients’ quality of life throughout the care pathway, from diagnosis to follow-up, will be encouraged through psychological, care-related, social and rehabilitation support. Particular attention will be given to new projects aimed at monitoring quality of life through innovative telemedicine and telecare models, as well as narrative medicine. Projects aimed at identifying dietary factors associated with a reduced risk of cancer onset and recurrence and with improved disease control will also be prioritised. Finally, projects developing new activities to support patients with terminal-stage disease, including palliative care, will be considered.

Objectives

1. To identify novel molecular signatures associated with cancer predisposition, thereby improving diagnostic approaches (primary prevention).
2. To identify and validate novel biomarkers, particularly circulating DNA and RNA, for the development of diagnostic tests with high prognostic value (secondary prevention).
3. To identify and validate novel advanced imaging techniques and develop new preclinical models for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer.
4. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying chemotherapy- and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity and develop methods for its measurement and analysis.
5. To define psychosocial and care-support pathways for patients with cancer, from diagnosis through post-treatment follow-up.